Johnson, M. Wheatland Rd. Reprints are not available from the author. The author thanks Kaydance Kerrick for assistance with the preparation of the manuscript. The author indicates that he does not have any conflicts of interest. Sources of funding: none reported. IUDs—an update. Popul Rep B. Spinatto JA 2d. Mechanism of action of intrauterine contraceptive devices and its relation to informed consent.
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Want to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions. Read the Issue. Sign Up Now. Jan 1, Issue. Insertion and Removal of Intrauterine Devices. The intrauterine device IUD is an effective contraceptive for many women.
Figure 1 Copper-releasing intrauterine device ParaGard and inserter. Figure 2 Hormone-releasing intrauterine device Mirena and inserter. Figure 3 The arms of the copper-releasing intrauterine device are folded into the insertion tube.
Figure 4 The arms of the copper-releasing intrauterine device are released. Figure 5 The insertion tube is advanced for placement of the copper-releasing intrauterine device.
Figure 6 The insertion rod of the copper-releasing intrauterine device is withdrawn. Figure 7 The arms of the hormone-releasing intrauterine device are aligned to a horizontal position when removing the device from the package.
Figure 8 The hormone-releasing intrauterine device is drawn into the insertion tube. Figure 9 Threads are fixed tightly in the cleft. Figure 10 The flange is adjusted to sound depth. Figure 11 The slider is pulled back to reach the mark. Figure 12 The inserter is withdrawn while the intrauterine device is released. Read the full article.
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Genital actinomycosis. Women are encouraged to discuss their health needs with a health practitioner. If you have concerns about your health, you should seek advice from your health care provider or if you require urgent care you should go to the nearest Emergency Dept.
How does the IUD work? How well does it work? No contraception is per cent effective but the IUD is Advantages Both the copper IUD and the progestogen IUD have the following benefits: effective long term contraception at least five years easy to maintain, you can't forget to use it as you might the Pill it is cheaper than other contraception more expensive at first but cheaper over the long term if you want to, you can try for pregnancy as soon as it is removed.
Disadvantages Both the copper and the progestogen IUD have the following disadvantages: The IUD may expel itself from the uterus, usually during a period. You may not be aware that this has happened and should always check that the string is in place. Although rare, when an IUD fails and a woman becomes pregnant, it must be removed as soon as possible. An IUD in a pregnant woman increases the risk of miscarriage. There is a small risk of infection in the three weeks following insertion. Because pelvic infections can lead to infertility, it is important you be particularly careful about protecting yourself from sexually transmitted infections.
The IUD may perforate the wall of the uterus. This is a very rare occurrence and may happen when the IUD is being inserted. There is the risk of an ectopic pregnancy where the fertilised egg implants in the fallopian tubes when the IUD fails. The progestogen IUD can also have the following side effects: Irregular bleeding or periods are likely in the first three to five months.
Eventually you are likely to have very few periods at all. Contraception - intrauterine devices IUD. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. What is an IUD? How effective are IUDs? How do I use an IUD? How much does an IUD cost? Are there any side effects from using the copper IUD?
Can the IUD cause any serious health problems? When is an IUD not a good option? They last for a long time — Mirena can last for 5 years, and the copper IUD can last for 10 years.
They are safe to use if you are breastfeeding. No medications stop them from working. The combined pill and the vaginal ring contain both oestrogen and progestogen. The device can be taken out at any time by an appropriately trained doctor or nurse.
Your chance of getting pregnant will go back to normal as soon as the copper or hormonal IUD has been taken out. Advantages of the hormonal IUD include: Most users have no vaginal bleeding at all, or a light regular period. Periods may be less painful. Advantages of the copper IUD include: It is a choice for women who do not want to use hormonal contraception.
It is a very effective method of emergency contraception. Are there any side effects from using the hormonal IUD? Possible side effects include: When it is first inserted some users have period-type cramping that usually settles after a few days. Sometimes the IUD can come out. This is more common in the first 3 months of it being inserted.
Your period will change. Spotting or frequent bleeding is common in the first 3 to 6 months. You may experience tender breasts, headaches, skin changes and mood changes. These side effects nearly always settle with time. The hormonal IUD has not been shown to cause weight gain. Possible side effects when using the copper IUD include: Spotting or frequent bleeding in the first three months. This nearly always settles with time and your regular bleeding pattern will return.
Heavier periods. An IUD might not be a good option for you if you have: a uterus that is not the usual shape a current pelvic infection. The hormonal IUD might not be a good option for you if you have: been treated for breast cancer severe liver disease.
The copper IUD might not be a good option for you if you have: heavy periods low iron levels endometriosis.
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